Mars Regions Face on Mars — Cydonia
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Face on Mars — Cydonia

The most famous face in the solar system.

In 1976 NASA's Viking 1 orbiter photographed a hill in the Cydonia region that, in the low-resolution image, looked uncannily like a giant human face staring up from Mars. It became one of the most argued-over images in space history.

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40.75°N · 9.46°W · Face on Mars — Cydonia
Key facts

Face on Mars — Cydonia at a glance

Photographed
1976
by Viking 1
Re-imaged
2001
Mars Global Surveyor
Size
~2 km across
Region
Cydonia
northern Mars
Verdict
Eroded mesa
a trick of light & pareidolia
The story

How Face on Mars — Cydonia came to be

In July 1976, Viking 1 snapped a mesa in Cydonia. In grainy resolution and slanting shadow it looked eerily like a face — complete with eyes, nose and mouth. It sparked decades of books, documentaries and conspiracy theories about ancient Martian civilizations.

Twenty-five years later, sharper cameras on Mars Global Surveyor and later HiRISE revealed the truth: an ordinary wind-eroded hill. The "face" was a classic case of pareidolia — the brain's habit of seeing faces in random shapes. Still, few Mars landmarks are as legendary.

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FAQ

Face on Mars — Cydonia, answered

Is the Face on Mars real?
The hill is real, but it is not an artificial face. High-resolution images taken in 2001 and later show a natural, wind-eroded mesa. The face-like look was an illusion caused by low resolution and shadow.
What is the Face on Mars?
It is a roughly 2-km-wide mesa (a flat-topped hill) in the Cydonia region, first photographed by Viking 1 in 1976.
Who took the picture of the Face on Mars?
NASA's Viking 1 orbiter captured the original image in 1976; Mars Global Surveyor re-imaged it at high resolution in 2001.
Why did it look like a face?
Pareidolia — the human brain is wired to spot faces everywhere. Combined with low resolution and dramatic shadows, an ordinary hill looked like a staring face.
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